Smoker’s equation for the calculation of number of equilibrium stages in a continuous binary distillation column is used, when the_________________?

Process Equipment and Plant Design 26/03/2020

A. Relative volatility is close to one (e.g., separation of close boiling isomers)
B. Feed is not at its bubble point
C. Number of equilibrium stages in only stripping section is to be calculated
D. Number of equilibrium stages required is likely to be very small

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