Category: Characteristics and Institutions of Developing Countries

I- is also known as patrimonialism
II- is the dominant pattern in many LDCs
III- is a personalized relationship between patrons and clients
IV- commands equals wealth, status or influence, based on unconditional loyalties and involving mutual benefits

A. I and II only
B. II and III only
C. I, II and III only
D. IV only

A. is productive activity to obtain private benefit from public action and resources
B. are the payments above the minimum essential to attract the resources to the market?
C. is the wage used to pay unskilled workers?
D. does not include monopoly profits

A. rural politicians
B. rural cultivators
C. rural industrialist
D. rural, religious group

A. an industrial sector and a manufacturing sector
B. a traditional agricultural sector and a modern industrial sector
C. state owner ship of the means of production
D. an industrial sector that concentrates on manufacturing and construction

A. causes development
B. is positively related to development
C. id inversely related to development
D. inhibits development

A. income earned through foreign exchange
B. the number of dollars earned in industry
C. income earned within a country’s boundaries
D. goods received from the nation’s residents

A. enough to supply only a small nonagricultural population
B. of zero
C. large enough of feed five other families
D. large enough to feed 25 other families

A. less than 10% of the labor force is in agriculture
B. the average agriculture family produces surplus large enough only to supply small non-agriculture population
C. One-third of the labor force produce food
D. share of labor force is about 30%

A. commodity exports as a percentage of GDP per capita of exporting country divided by importing country
B. export earnings as a ratio of population
C. total merchandise export divided by Gross National Income
D. food, raw materials minerals and organic oils and fat as a percentage of total merchandise exports

A. average annual investment made in production of exported commodities
B. proportion of the primary export commodity in total exports
C. ratio of four leading commodities to total merchandise exports
D. total annual investment made in production of exported commodities